Dr. Serena Shim's research foci

Targetted Motivation Intervention

I have developed prototypes of Mathematics motivation interventions for elementary and middle school mathematics. This work has received support from multiple BSU internal grants and an American Educational Research Association Research Conference Grant. Two prototypes of the intervention, delivered digitally using animations and avatars, were developed and implemented at two middle schools in Indiana. They received positive feedback from teachers and students. These prototypes targeted specific motivational beliefs (e.g., "mathematics is only for smart people" or "there is no point in trying if you weren't born math-smart"). These prototypes changed teachers' views, highlighting that teaching mathematics is not solely about having mathematics content knowledge but also involves altering students' maladaptive motivational beliefs, which is critical.
Research on Social Achievement Goals

I have been investigating the individual (e.g., academic and social goals, beliefs, perfectionistic traits) and contextual factors (e.g., peer climate, classroom goal structures, teacher motivation) that promote adolescents’ academic adjustment and psychological well-being. My key contribution is to highlight that an individual’s achievement or performance is not solely a function of work-related motivation; social factors (individual’s motivation and the social climate of the environment) also matter significantly. In particular, I have conducted extensive work guided by social achievement goal theory, which emphasizes different orientations toward social competence that people bring to social situations. For example, some focus on self-improvement and growth, while others may care more about external validation or acquiring social status or concealing their ineptness. A new measure of social achievement goals that my graduate advisor, Dr. Allison Ryan, and I developed and validated is now available in nine different languages. I have published numerous studies on social achievement goals and am considered a leading expert in this topic area. I was invited to serve as an external expert for Ph.D. dissertations related to social achievement goals at McGill University (Canada) and the National Institute of Education (Singapore). Theoretically contribution of my work is to enhance our understanding of the processes in which social achievement goals affect educationally important outcomes (i.e., why and how). Practical implication of my work is to underscore the importance of adopting a more comprehensive approach when supporting academically struggling students, taking into account both academic and social aspects simultaneously. 

2017
Teachers College Outstanding Research
2021
BSU Outstaning Reseach Award
2017
Research Conference
Sponsored by AERA

Dr. Shim gave a talk at two high schools in Korea in May 2021.
Title: "How to study well?".

Other projects between 2008-present

2008 Mother and I

This is the very first study that we did at Ball State University. We Investigated how psychologically controlling parenting might affect students' academic, social, and psychological adjustment.

2012 Don't smile until Christmas

This is a 1 year Longitudinal study with four time points investigating the changes in middle school students' motivation. We were particularly interested in various teaching practices. Our work indicated that "not smiling until Christmas" was not an effective strategy!

2013 Dalian Medical University

This is a collaborative project with Dalian Medical University in China. The project investigated the factors related to adjustment and engagement of students attending this highly competitive institution.

2016 Indiana teacher motivation project

The project examined various motivational factors related to teachers’ job satisfaction, intention to leave, and flow experience during teaching. We also examines teachers’ knowledge on self-regulated learning

2017 Pre-service teachers Diary Study

The project examined the changes in pre-service teachers’ efficacy for teaching using a weekly diary method

2018 Efficacy trial of online interactive motivational interventions for elementary math

The project tested the effects of a prototype of an online math motivation intervention on elementary students’ motivation and engagement.

2023 Academic, Social, and Psychological Cost of Living for Thumbs-Up

The project examined the costs of maladaptive social media use.

What are the Individual and contextual Factors Leading to Motivation, Learning, and Adjustment?

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